One of the two main cities of the Achaemenid empire (satrapy of Gandhara), located in Pakistan and flourishing in the 5th-2nd centuries BC. It rose again as an Indo-Greek city from the 1st century BC through the 1st century AD. It was surrendered to Alexander the Great in 327 BC and then destroyed c 500 AD probably by White Huns. The extensive remains of Taxila include Bhir mound, which conceals the pre-Hellenistic town of the 6th century BC and later; Sirkap, an Indo-Greek 'new town' with a rectilinear grid of streets laid out in the 2nd century BC; and Sirsukh (Sirsuleh), another new town founded by the Kushans in the 1st century AD.