Ethnoarchaeology

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The study of contemporary cultures with a view to understanding the behavioral relationships which underlie the production of material culture. It is the use of archaeological techniques and data to study these living cultures and the use of ethnographic data to inform the examination of the archaeological record. It is a relatively new branch of the discipline, followed particularly in America. It seeks to compare the patterns recognized in the material culture from archaeological contexts with patterns yielded through the study of living societies. The ethnoarchaeologist is particularly concerned with the manufacture, distribution, and use of artifacts, the remains of various processes that might be expected to survive, and the interpretation of archaeological material in the light of the ethnographic information. Less materially oriented questions such as technological development, subsistence strategies, and social evolution are also compared in archaeology and ethnology under the general heading of ethnographic analogy. Lewis Binford's study of the Nunamiut Eskimo is one of the best known studies in ethnoarchaeology.

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The study of living societies from an archaeological point of view. The ethnoarchaeologist studies the material remains of such societies with the aim of furthering understanding of the patterns of material remains that emerge from archaeo-/ logical contexts. In particular, ethnoarchae? ology is concerned with establishing systematic relationships between patterns of material culture and other aspects of society, as, for instance, residence patterns or systems of inheritance, which do not leave very direct indications in the archaeological record. Lewis Binford’s study of the Nunamiut Eskimo is one of the best known studies in ethnoarchaeology, which represents a relatively new development in archaeology generally.

The Macmillan dictionary of archaeology, Ruth D. Whitehouse, 1983Copied

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