Yengema

A cave site in eastern Sierra Leone which provides one of the few stratified sequences of stone industries yet available in that country. Throughout the succession the implements most frequently occurring are crude choppers and flake-scrapers. In a second phase, bifacial hoe-like objects are also...

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Yeha

A stone-built temple near Adua in northern Ethiopia which is the best preserved example of Pre-Axumite architecture. Constructed of well-dressed blocks, it is a double-storey building, 25 metres in length, with tiny windows. It was decorated with sculptures in a typical south Arabian-derived styl...

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Yeavering

With Cheddar, Yeavering in Northumberland is one of the two sites in Britain most convincingly identified as Anglo-Saxon palaces, and fortunately both have been competently excavated. Despite difficult soil conditions at Yeavering, the archaeologists were able to distinguish a series of construct...

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Yayo

A site 160 km northwest of Koro Toro in Chad, north-central Africa. A skull of early date was found here in 1961, but no stone tools were associated. It may belong to the species Australopithecus africanas or ‘H. habilis’, but was originally named Tchadanthropus uxoris.

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Yayo

Yayoi

(1) A type of pottery named after a place in Tokyo where it was first identified in 1884; (2) an archaeological culture characterized by this pottery; (3) a period (approximately 300 bc — ad 300) when this culture predominated. In Japanese archaeology, the Yayoi period follows Jomon and precedes ...

archaeologsEnglishAncient Pottery, Cultures

Yaxchillan

A Classic Maya centre located on the Usumacinta River in Chiapas, Mexico. Though there are a number of structures including palaces with ornamented stucco roof-combs and mansard roofing (see Talenque), temple-PYRAMiDS and two ball courts, the site is best known for its more than 125 carved lintel...

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Yaxchillan

Yâvadvipa

Earliest name of the island of Java, and possibly also of that of Sumatra, mentioned in the Indian epic Râmâyana.

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Yâvadvipa

Yasumiba

A late Palaeolithic site in Shizuoka prefecture on Honshu, Japan. Over four hundred microblades made from conical cores were recovered during the 1964 excavation. Carbon from one of the two hearths indicated that the site was occupied about 14,300 years ago.

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Yassi Ada

Underwater excavations off the Turkish coast near Bodrum have found many wrecks, the most important being a byzantine wreck of the 6th century. The 30-metre vessel was comparatively well preserved and traces of the galley-end and of the cargo holds were found. Amphorae from the excavations have i...

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Yasodharapura

The first city in the area of Angkor (at present in its southwestern part), Cambodia, founded by king Yasovarman shortly after his accession to power in 889. For a long time its name was synonymous with the Khmer kingdom itself.

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Yasodharapura

Yarmouth

A group of Quaternary interglacial deposits in north America (see Table 7, page 420). The Yarmouth stage is mainly represented by palaeosols, overlying Kansan tills and buried by Illinoian silts. These soils appear to represent one interglacial, but are not dated satisfactorily.

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Yarinacocha

See Tutishcainyo.

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Yarinacocha

Yarim Tepe 2

Two tell sites — labelled Yarim Tepe I and II respectively — 80 km west of Mosul in northern Iraq. Yarim Tepe I is the earlier of the two, with 13 levels of the Has- sun a culture of the 6th millennium be. Among the most interesting discoveries is evidence of metallurgy, including the smelting of...

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Yarim Tepe 1

A tell site near the Caspian Sea in northern Iran. The earliest levels have a Neolithic settlement of the Turkmenian Djei-tun culture. Subsequently the site was abandoned and reoccupied in the later 4th millennium bc. It was abandoned again, possibly after a destruction, in the early 2nd millenni...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names

Yap

An island at the western end of the Caroline chain in Micronesia, famous ethnographically for its large wheel-shaped discs of stone money, quarried in the Palau Islands and taken to Yap by canoe, and also for its position at the head of a chain of trade and tribute extending for 1100 km eastwards...

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Yaokeng

[yao-k’eng]. See shaft tombs (China).

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Yaokeng

Yao

[yao]. The Chinese word for ‘kiln’, commonly used to designate the product of a particular kiln, hence any ceramic ware (e.g. Yue yao).

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Yao

Yan Xiadu

[Yen-hsia-tu]. See Yan.

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