A ruminant (cud-chewing) mammal of the genus Ovis, usually stockier than its relative the goat. Sheep were first domesticated from wild species of sheep by at least 5000 BC, and their remains have been found at numerous sites of early human habitation in the Middle East, Europe, and Central Asia. Domesticated sheep are raised for their fleece (wool), for milk, and for meat. The flesh of mature sheep is called mutton; that of immature animals is called lamb. The moufflon (Ovis orientalis) of Syria, Turkey, and Iraq, was the first food animal to be tamed, probably c 9000 BC. The urial (O. vignei) lived further east, between the Caspian and Tibet and its bones have been identified c 4900 BC, and it was introduced into Europe in the Neolithic. In practice, the bones of sheep and goats from archaeological sites are lumped together by many researchers who do not distinguish between them in archaeological site reports and refer instead to sheep/goat, ovicaprid, caprovine etc. as only a few of them, notably the horn cores, are firmly diagnostic. Goats are distinguished from sheep by differences in scent glands, lack of 'beard', the number of chromosomes, and the possession of tightly curled horns.