Thermae

Roma mimarisinde, farklı sıcaklıklara sahip odaları ve egzersiz alanları olan bir hamam kompleksi. Antik Romalılar için halka açık banyo, dinlenme ve sosyal aktivite için tasarlanmış böyle bir yapı kompleksidir. ...

archaeologsTurkishArchitectural

Cornice

Bir binanın duvarının ya da başka bir öğesinin tepesinden dışa doğru çıkan süsleme kalıbıdır. Saçak altı kısımları akan sudan korumak amacıyla, yatay çıkıntılı silmelerdir. Bu anlamda rölyef bezemeler ile süslenmiş bir tür saçak sayılabilir. Klasik mimarinin bir öğesi olan korniş ise, bir dizi sü...

archaeologsTurkishArchitectural

Opus Testaceum

İmparatorluk döneminde duvar örmek için açık ara en yaygın malzeme olan tuğla ve kiremit kaplı betonu kullanan bir Roma inşaat tekniği....

archaeologsTurkishArchitectural

Echinus

Mimaride, başlığın bir bölümünü oluşturan klasik sütun millerinin tepesi. Dor düzeninde, abaküsün hemen altındaki dışbükey bir bölümdür. İyonik düzende, başlığın kıvrımları arasındadır ve genellikle bir yumurta-dart deseni ile süslenir.

archaeologsTurkishArchitectural

Opus Mixtum

Geç Roma İmparatorluğu döneminde, özellikle Diocletianus (M.S. 284-305) döneminde popüler olan, tuğla ve taş kaplama karışımını kullanan bir Roma inşaat tekniği.

archaeologsTurkishArchitectural

Aeolic Order

Kuzeybatı Türkiye ve Midilli Adası'nın mimari düzeni, yayılan bir palmetle ayrılmış iki volütten oluşan süslü bir başlığa sahiptir. Ekinus volütlerin altındadır ve genellikle nilüfer yapraklarından oluşur. ...

archaeologsTurkishArchitectural

Library of Pergamon

Around 197-159 BCE rulers of Pergamum (Pergamon; now Bergama in Turkey) founded a major library. Whether this was in competition with the Alexandrian Library, or just a worthy independent effort, remains the subject of speculation. This project, and the vast buildings constructed for the purpose,...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names, Architectural

Temple Of Amphiaraos Oropos

Library of Pergamon

Sinekkale

Gerger Castle Samos II

Besni Kalesi-Octacuscum

Aphrodisias Basilica

Bargilia Roman Temple

Labraunda Andron A Idrieus' Andron

Doseme Bogazi (Via Sebaste)

The ancient road at Doseme Bogazi ("paved passage" in Turkish) dates back to the Hellenistic period, which is when the road posts and several watch towers were built. The second phase of the road is dated to the Roman period.

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Doseme Bogazi (Via Sebaste)

Ziggurat

The name given to the great stepped temple towers of the Mesopotamian civilizations — Sumer, Babylon and Assyria.

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Winchester Style

From the beginning of the 10th century until the Norman Conquest the Late Saxon kingdom of Wessex was a prominent artistic centre. This renaissance was directed from Winchester, where the building of the New Minster had inspired an artistic tradition based on the revived antique models of Carolin...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Wealden House

A type of timber-framed building, dating from the 15th century; many surviving examples are concentrated in southeast England. The Wealden house has a distinctive design in which the central open hall is flanked at both ends by multi-storeyed wings; in the purest examples the end storeys are jett...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Wealden House

Veruiamium

Present-day St. Albans, Hertfordshire, southeast England. Normally reckoned to be the third largest Roman town in Britain and situated astride Watling Street, which it spanned with monumental gateways. Starting as a small fort near Verlamio, the capital of Tasciovanus, King of the Castuvellauni, ...

archaeologsEnglishPlace Names, Architectural

Veruiamium

Vernacular Architecture

The study of the vernacular architecture of the post-medieval period has developed mainly in Britain. Vernacular architecture comprises buildings belonging to the middle and lower end of the social scale which fall into three main categories, domestic, agricultural and industrial. The study of po...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Varves

A form of sedimentation which takes place in lakes marginal to ice-sheets and glaciers. Seasonal fluctuations in particle size and speed of sedimentation take place. During the winter, ice melting is very slow, melt-water streams do not contain much water, and they flow slowly, carrying little ma...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Varves

Usatovo Culture

The type site for a regional group derived from the Late Tripolye culture (Tripolye C2), distributed in the Odessa region of the south Russian steppe zone. Dated to the mid-3rd millennium bc, the barrow cemetery at Usatovo was one of the richest in the steppe zone and lay next to a stone-built se...

archaeologsEnglishCultures, Architectural, Place Names

Usatovo Culture

Uqair

Tell site 80 km south of Baghdad, excavated by an Iraqi team in the early 1940s. These excavations uncovered a settlement of the Ubaid period and a temple of the Uruk period. This temple has a tripartite plan and is very similar to the White Temple in the Anu sanctuary at Uruk itself. It is disti...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Uqair

Arc Style

An early style of Celtic art in which compass-drawn geometric motifs predominate.

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Acanthus

Conventionalized representation of the leaf of the Acanthus spinosus plant, found on the lower parts of Corinthian and Composite capitals, and also used for enrichment of various elements in Classical architecture.

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Abacus

A calculating table or frame, specifically one in which balls slide upon wires, used for the mechanical solution of arithmetical problems.

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Sui Xian

[Sui-hsien]. district in Hubei province, China. A rich burial of the late 5th century bc excavated at Sui Xian Leigudun in 1978 is identified by inscribed bronzes found in it as the tomb of one Marquis Yi of the little-known state of Zeng. A dated inscribed bell contributed to the funerary goods ...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Sui Xian

Sousse

Islamic Sousse [Roman Hadrume-tum] on the Tunisian coast was still a minor settlement in 821-2, when the Aghlabid ruler Ziyadat Allah built the ribat, a stronghold for volunteers dedicated to the holy war against the infidel. It is a square fort, 39 metres across, with towers (one of which is a m...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Sousse

Siraf

In the 9th and 10th centuries Siraf on the Persian Gulf was a leading entrepôt for the maritime trade which brought commodities and luxury goods from South and Southeast Asia, East Africa and the Red Sea to Baghdad and other cities of the Middle East. Despite torrid summers, poor soil and little ...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Siraf

Seven Wonders Of The World

A list was made in the Hellenistic period of what were then considered to be the seven greatest wonders of the world. These were normally: (1) the Great Pyramids of Egypt; (2) the Gardens of Babylon (New Babylonian period, 626-539 bc); (3) the Temple of Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus (4th century bc)...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Seven Wonders Of The World

San Vincenzo Al Volturno

An important Benedictine monastery in Central Italy, founded early in the 8th century and probably at its largest in the 9th century. San Vincenzo was sacked by Arabs in 881 and the monastery was abandoned. The site was later reoccupied on a smaller scale, and eventually the monastery was taken o...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

San Vincenzo Al Volturno

St Gall Plan

A remarkable Carolingian document, probably formulated after the Council of Inden in 816 and then sent by the Abbot of Reichenau to Abbot Gozbert of St Gall. The plan, drawn in ink on parchment, is an architect’s drawing for the rebuilding of the monastic complex. The layout is dominated by the l...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

St Gall Plan

Sacsahuaman

An immense fortified complex, built as an adjunct to the Incan capital at Cuzco, and begun some time after 1438. Thought to have functioned as a storage centre and military garrison in peacetime, it was used as a safe haven for Cuzco residents in times of danger. Its north-facing limestone walls ...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Sacsahuaman

Qin Shi Huangdi

[Ch’in Shih Huang-ti]. Ruler of the Qin state of China (from 246 bc) and first emperor (r. 221-210 bc) of the Qin dynasty. Qin Shi Huangdi completed the unification of China begun by earlier rulers of Qin; he standardized the legal code, weights and measures, currency, and script form throughout ...

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural

Qin Shi Huangdi

Opus Sectile

[Latin: ‘sectioned work’]. Technical term used by Vitruvius (Roman architectural writer, c30 bc) of a decorative type of floor or wall surface. In a ‘mosaic’ made up of relatively large segments, geometric, floral and figured designs are made up from specially cut, thin pieces of coloured marble....

archaeologsEnglishArchitectural